The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Serbia is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Kosovo is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Montenegro is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – North Macedonia is available for download here: English and Macedonian.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Bosnia and Herzegovina is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Albania is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The Regional Western Balkan PAR Monitor Report: Public Financial Management 2024/2025 is available for download here: English.
Public institutions founded by the state employ 30,170 people, accounting for more than half of all employees in central-level public administration. According to the Open Data Portal, there are 324 public institutions in Montenegro. Despite their significant role, employment and labour relations within these institutions remain largely neglected. They are most often governed either solely by general labour regulations or by inadequate legislation that fails to recognise their specific importance in advancing the public interest, delivering public services, and establishing a merit-based and transparent system.
The extent of this neglect is reflected in the fact that only with the adoption of the current Public Administration Reform Strategy 2022–2026 was an official record of the number of employees established, covering public institutions at both central and local levels. The Strategy also highlighted the absence of a unified normative framework regulating public institutions that provide services to citizens and legal entities in areas such as health care, education, culture, sport, social and child protection, and pension and disability insurance. At the same time, it noted that Montenegro, unlike neighbouring countries, does not have a dedicated Law on Public Institutions, but instead regulates this field partially through sectoral laws in the area of social activities. In response, the Strategy envisages the preparation of a dedicated analysis of public institutions, the drafting of a Law on Public Institutions, and the introduction of mandatory human resources planning within this segment of the public sector.
Following the adoption of the Analysis with Identified Challenges and Recommendations on the Need to Establish a Normative Framework for Public Institutions, the Government of Montenegro began drafting the Law on Public Institutions. Institute Alternative (IA) contributed to this process by participating in the working group and organising meetings with representatives of the Ministry of Public Administration, other working group members, and trade unions. IA also organised a workshop to further the discussion on the future Law on Public Institutions, which aims to regulate recruitment procedures in institutions across sectors including culture, health care, education, and social and child protection. This analysis outlines possible approaches to improving the current draft of the law, drawing on previous experience and identified shortcomings in recruitment procedures, human resources planning, and the protection of rights, as documented in the Risk Map of Corruption and Undue Influence in Public Sector Recruitment. The analysis is structured into two main chapters: the first identifies key legal gaps and ambiguities, while the second presents the main avenues for improvement.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Kosovo is available for download here: English.
The assessment of transparency and inclusiveness of the PAR agenda in this report focuses on two critical issues – 1) participatory development of PAR planning documents, that includes non-state actors, and 2) involvement of CSO in the work of the governmental PAR coordination and monitoring mechanisms. For the former, the assessment briefly emphasises basic regulatory requirements for conducting consultations, continuing with the assessment of practices in involving external stakeholders and the public in the different stages of policy development for a sample of 16 PAR planning documents adopted since the PAR Monitor 2021/2022. For the latter, this report examines the extent and methods of CSOs’ and other non-state actors’ involvement in the PAR coordination and monitoring, both at the political and at the administrative levels, highlighting how institutionalised, and how meaningful, any such involvement is in practice. Findings of this report reflect the period since the publication of the PAR Monitor 2021/2022, starting from the second half of 2022, and until the end of 2024.
The National PAR Monitor Report: Service Delivery and Digitalisation 2024/2025 – Montenegro is available for download here: English.
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